Physics & Astronomy Education

Dr. Ronald Canterna has overseen the introduction into our curriculum of the methodologies of cooperative learning and interactive teaching. In cooperation with other science departments, a new three-room combination lecture and laboratory facility equipped with a wide range of electronic, audio-visual, and traditional instructional equipment for use by all levels of science classes has been put into almost continuous use.

We offer to graduate students who are particularly interested in teaching physics and related subjects the opportunity to learn about and use these new techniques and to take advantage of these new facilities through a Master's program with emphasis on physics education. Dr. Canterna directs the work of students who pursue this degree.

Examples of these Master's thesis are:
 

THE EFFECT OF STUDENT ATTITUDE TOWARD LABORATORY ACTIVITIES
ON THE ROLE OF THE LABORATORY IN INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS EDUCATION.

    By  Kelly Victoria Beck  December, 1993

Introductory physics laboratory curricula are often ineffective at helping students learn physics.  The introductory physics laboratories at the University of Wyoming are like most, and in need of improvement.  The goal is to define the role of the laboratory in introductory physics at the University of Wyoming and revise the laboratory curriculum to fill that role. The first stage of definition, reviewed in this paper, is to identify student's attitudes toward laboratory.  Student attitudes toward laboratory
activities affect the definition of the role of the laboratory in introductory physics education.  Methods and activities to which students have positive attitudes should be retained.  Those to which they have
negative attitudes should be eliminated.  A revised from of the Attitude Toward Laboratory Work Scale (Hofstein et al., 1976) was used to measure attitude toward laboratory.  It was found that students have positive attitudes toward personal discovery of concepts and the role laboratory plays in making physics more interesting.  They have negative attitudes toward the intelligibility of laboratory.
 

"DON'T CONFUSE ME WITH FACTS MY MIND IS ALREADY MADE UP!"

    By Andrew L. Barter  May 1994

Over the past two decades, major changes have occurred in views of the nature of the learning process;  research questions have changed from questions about factors external to the student to questions about factors inside the mind of the student (Saunders, 1992).  Among the advancements in the learning process are the notions of constructivism and prediction-learning, and these advancements have tremendous implications for the teaching and learning of science.  Constructivism includes the perception that students respond to sensory experiences by building or constructing in their minds schemes or cognitive structures which constitute the meaning and understanding of their world.  Prediction learning is learning via the traditional learning cycle (Karplus, 1977) with an additional element of prediction.  Prediction learning utilizes the prior conceptions of a student in the learning process.  This paper outlines the philosophies of constructivism and prediction learning with applicative examples for effective methods of teaching science at the secondary and post-secondary levels.
 

A GENERAL MODEL FOR ABSTRACT CONCEPTUALIZATION BY COLLEGE PHYSICS STUDENTS.

        By  Teresa Marie Ciardi   May, 1995

The stages of development with respect to how students construct an abstract idea were studied and observed during the second semester of an introductory, algebra-based, college physics course at the University of Wyoming.  A total of fifty students were monitored in two laboratory sections.  The focus of the study was to determine how students construct the idea of a field, an abstract concept.  A Pre-Development and a Post-Development Survey were administered at the beginning and end of the
course, respectively.  The majority of the students participated in these surveys.  At mid-semester, eight one-on-one interviews were conducted and the results of these interviews are included.  In addition, limited observations of students in two discussion sections supplement the study.

This thesis contains two parts.  First, a procedure for carrying out the study was established and questions for the surveys and the interviews were developed.  The next step was the interpretation of results.  An analysis is presented for the development of the procedures and questions, and for the responses obtained via these procedures and questions.  A model was then constructed based upon students' responses.  The responses from students show a definite increase in the use of physics terms, and a certain amount of gained understanding.  It is also evident that students' individual ideas became much more diversified between the Pre-Development Survey and the Post-Development Survey.  In the
Pre-Development Survey, although the particular details of the students' responses varied, general themes could be found; however, in the Post-Development Survey the students' responses were varied such that
general themes were difficult to find.  Furthermore, students supplied much more information on the Post-Development Survey as they had acquired information during the semester. Although students' confidence levels rose between the two surveys, students continue to retain misconceptions.  The inherent problem is that students were not only more confident about correct answers, but also about
incorrect answers.  Original experiences obtained prior to taking a physics class stay with students while they gain additional knowledge.  The new knowledge, however, is not necessarily assimilated but is often simply "stacked" on top of previous experience and knowledge.  Thus a "stacking" model was developed.
 

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE TEACHING NEEDS AND THE TEACHER TRAINING FOR GRADUATE TEACHING ASSISTANTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING IN THE PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY, CHEMISTRY, AND GEOLOGY DEPARTMENTS.

            By Dale R. Brabec  December, 1995

This study investigated the teaching needs and teacher training for graduate teaching assistants in three science departments at the University of Wyoming.  In order to investigate these implications, a survey was developed and presented to all the graduate students in the three science departments.  Upon grouping similar responses from the survey into categories and calculating these averages, there are three conclusions. The conclusions are that the graduate students need TA training before they begin to teach at UW; the TAs need a more extensive training program at UW; and information obtained from universities and other sources should be considered in the formation or expansion of TA training programs at UW.